COLLECTION OF ENGLISH IDIOMS

早稲田大學敎授　深澤裕次郎著
應用英文解釋法
東京英文週報社發行

(p. 75-88)

範例
I
(a) He looks as if he were sick.
(b) He looks as if to turn back.
(c) He looks as if expecting something.
(d) He looked as if dumbfounded at the sight.
(e) He looked restless and uneasy as if from fear.
    Etc. etc.

II
(a) He looks as though he were sick.
(b) He looks as though to turn back.
(c) He looks as though expecting something.
(d) He looked as though dumbfounded at the sight.
(e) He looked restless and uneasy as though from fear.
    Etc. etc.

I & II
(a) 彼は病氣のやうに見える。
(b) 彼は後戻りするやうに見える。
(c) 彼は何か待て居るやうに見える。
(d) 彼はそれを見て吃驚したやうに見えた。
(e) 彼は怖るゝ所が有るやうに落着かない樣子であつた。

解説
(1) As if
(2) As though
    （宛ら）……のやうに。
(1) (2) 共に As の次には If, though 以下の Dependent Clause に對する Principal Clause の省略有り。例へば
I
He looks as if he were sick.
彼は（宛ら）病氣のやうに見える。
He looks as pale as if he were sick.
彼は（宛ら）病氣のやうに血色がわるい。
II
He looks as though he were sick.
彼は（宛ら）病氣のやうに見える。
He looks as pale as though he were sick.
彼は（宛ら）病氣のやうに血色がわるい。

を其本來の形に改むれば

I
He looks as he would look if he were sick.
彼は若し病氣ならば斯うも見えるで有らうと思はれるやうに見える。
He looks as pale as he would look if he were sick.
彼は若し病氣ならば斯うも見えるで有らうと思はれるやうに血色がわるい。
II
He looks as he would not look though he were sick.
彼は譬へ病氣で有つても斯うは見えまいと思はれるやうに見える。
He looks as pale as he would not look though he were sick.
彼は譬へ病氣で有つても斯うは見えまいと思はれるやうに血色がわるい。

となる、また if, though の次には之に依りて導かるゝ Clause 中の Subject と Verb とを省略することあり。例

1.  He looks as if (though) confident of his success.
    彼は成功を信じてゐるやうに見える。
2.  He looks as if (though) expecting something.
    彼は何か待つて居るやうに見える。
3.  He looks as if (though) dumbfounded.
    彼は呆れて物が云へないやうに見える。
4.  He looks as if (though) to speak.
    彼は何か云はうとするやうに見える。
5.  He shivered as if (though) from cold.
    彼は寒くて震へるやうに震へた。

この中
１．より３．までは if, though の次に he were を、４．は he were 又は he were going を、５．は he shivered を略せるものと解す可し。

猶又 if, though に依りて導かるゝ Clause 中の Verb は Subjunctive なるが故に were を用ふるを正しとすれども Indicative の was を用ふることもあり、談話語に於て特に然りとす。例えば
　　He looks as if (though) he was sick.
    He looks as pale as if (though) he was sick.
の如し。

用例
I
1.  You look as if you had seen a ghost.
    C. Doyle
    あなたはまるで幽靈でも見た樣な顔付きだ。
2.  He recoiled as if he had seen a ghost.
    J. G. Muddock
    彼は幽靈を見たやうに後しざりした。
3.  You look as if you were taking me to a funeral.
    H. James
    あなたはわたしを葬式にでも連れて行くやうですよ。
4.  I threw myself out as if I have been an old hat.
    T. B. Aldrich
    わたしは古帽子の樣に自分の體を投げ出した。
5.  I was as grieved as if it had been my blood-relation.
    V. Hugo
    私はそれが自分の肉親の樣に悲んだ。
6.  It seemed to her as if the end of the world had come.
    V. Hugo
    彼女には世の終りが來た樣に見えた。
7.  A little way off it looks as if the top were a cluster of red flowers.
    N. E. R. IV
    少し離れて見ると梢は赤い花が簇がつて居るやうに見える。
8.  He carried his sixty years as if they had been fewer than forty.
    W. Collins
    彼は六十歳であつたがまるで四十より少いやうであつた。
9.  This name made him start as if a flash of lightning had passed before his eyes.
    V. Hugo
    彼は此の名前を聞くと宛ら電光が目の前を掠めたやうにぎよつとした。
10. He fancied himself stronger than he really was, and that he could play with the lion as if it were a mouse.
    V. Hugo
    彼は自分を實際よりは強いと思ひ、鼠を弄ぶやうに獅子を弄べると思つた。
11. Without more words, he threw his companion the maple stick, and was speedily out of sight as if he had vanished into the deepening gloom.
    N. Hawthorne
    彼は直樣楓の杖を相手に投げやり、段々深くなり行く暗がりの中に掻き消すやうに姿を隠した。

12. The golden skirts of day were yet lingering upon the hills, but deep shades obscured the hollow and the pool, as if sombre night were rising thence to overspread the world.
    N. Hawthorne
    金色の夕日影はなほ丘のへに名殘りを止むれど黑き影は早や窪みを蔽ひ、池の面を鎖し、ぬば玉の夜はこゝよりぞ浮世に擴がらむとするものゝ如くなりける。               
13. And now at last he raises his eyes. Slowly at first and cringingly, as if dreading what he might see.
    The Duchess
    そして今やうやく顔を上げる。何が眼に着くかと恐るゝ樣に初はそろそろこはごは顔を上げる。

14. "Is it true that I am at liberty" he said, in an almost inarticulate voice, and as if speaking in his sleep.
    V. Hugo
    「私が赦されたのは實際ですか」とほとんど語をなさないやうな聲で、而して眠つて居ながら話して居るやうに彼は云つた。

15. She trembled, and cast her eyes upward to the verge of the basin, as if meditating to return with her purpose unaccomplished.
    N. Hawthorne
    女は震ひおのゝき、目的を果さで立ち去らむとするものゝ如く、凹の端の方を仰ぎ見ぬ。

16. Some stood bolt upright as if expecting something, and others lolled against the boxes as if they were dolls propped up, and which the least movement would knock down.
    L. R. IV.
    或者は何かを待つてゐるやうに眞直に立つて居た、他の者は人形を立て掛けたやうに而して少しでも動くと倒れさうに箱に凭（もた）れて居た。
　　bolt upright 矢の樣に眞直に。直立して。the least movement 一寸動いても

17. Javert explored the gardens and fields as if looking for needle, and at daybreak he left two intelligent men on duty, and returned to the Prefecture of Police, looking as hang-dog as a spy captured by a robber.
    V. Hugo
    ヂヤヴールは針でも捜すやうに庭や野を捜索した。而して夜明けに二人の心利いた男に張番させて、宛ら賊に捕らへられた密偵（いぬ）の樣に悄然として警察本部に歸つて行つた。
　　on duty 張番

18. In spite of himself, his eyes turned again and again, as if fascinated, to the gun over the mantel.
    Munsey's Magazine
    さうしまいと思つても彼の眼は怪しくも物に魅せられたらむやうに再三爐上の拳銃に向つた。
　　In spite of himself (=in spite of his effor not to do so) さうすまいと思つても。

19. She looked as if stunned at the person who was speaking, and could only sob two or three times, "Oh, oh, oh!"
    V. Hugo
    彼の女は話して居る人の顔を呆れたやうに眺め、二たび三たび唯「おゝ、おゝ、おゝ」と泣くのみであつた。
　　at the act 其行を見て。

20. Presently he entered, and hesitating, as if horrorstruck at the act, sprinkled some powder on the spot in which the peas were cooking.
    G. P. Quackenbos
    直ぐに彼は入つた而て其事がこはくなつたやうに躊躇して居たがやがて豆を煮て居る鍋の中へ何か知らぬ粉を入れた。

21. The lids clenched themselves together as if in a spasm.
    E. A. Poe
    瞼は痙攣でも起した樣にひとりでに閉ぢた。

22. His hair had blanched, his face was pallid and wrinkled, his eyes were restless as if from fear.
    J. E. Muddock
    頭髪は白くなり、顔は蒼ざめて皺が寄り、眼は恐怖の爲にや、落ち着かなかつた。

23. Torrents of rain poured down, soaking me to the skin; thunder crashed and my poor horse galloped as if for life.
    雨は盆を覆すやうに膚までしみとほり、雷は鳴り、馬は夢中になつて駈け出した。

24. An officer, as if by chance, left the paper on the table by which the suspected spy was sitting, and went out for a few moments.
    G. P. Quackenbos
    兼て英探の疑ある一人の男が卓子の傍に腰掛けて居たが、一将校が偶然置いたやうに其書付を卓上に置いて二三分間外へ出た。

25. Androcles expected nothing else than to be at once torn to pieces; but, to his great surprise, the animal came towards him as if in pain, and with a low moan seemed to beg for pity and help.
    L. R. IV.
    アンドロクルスは無論すぐに寸斷寸斷に引き裂かれるとのみ思つて居たが、非常に驚いた事には其獅子は何處か痛みを感じて居るやうに彼の方にやつて來て低い聲で泣いて憫みと助けを求むるやうであつた。
   nothing else than (=nothing less than=only) よりも外には何をも（期待しなかつた）。をのみ（期待した）。to his great surprise 「非常に驚いた事には」。結果を表はす Adverbial Phrase なり。

26. We repeatedly saw one on each side of it as he held it nearly vertically and gave the fan a short quick motion; then one butterfly would pass over to the other, both would wheel away as if in play, and again return.
    S. Osborn
    奇術師の殆ど垂直に扇子を持ち之を短く急に動かしゝ時、其兩面に蝶の戯れしこと一再ならざりしが、軈て一の蝶は他の方に移り行き、二つは遊び戯るゝが如く飛び去りてはまた歸るなりき。

27. But Phileas Fogg was as cool and collected as if he were in no way concerned in the matter.
    Jules Verne
　　併し、フィリヤス・フォッグは其事に少しも關係がない樣に落着き拂つて居た。

28. You were as thoroughly removed from the habitable parts of the castle as if you were in the next country.
    The Duchess
    あなた方はまるで隣の國にでも居るやうに此の城の人間の住む處からは離れて居たのです。

29. The shopman slightly raised his head, with an air of deep abstraction, and resumed his entry with as much deliberation as if he were engraving.
    C. Dickens
    番頭は深く他の事に氣を取られてゐる樣子で、一寸頭を揚げたが又俯向いて彫刻でもして居るやうに、ねちらねちらと帳簿に記入をして居る。

30. She opened her lips as if to speak, and, at the thought of what lay at her tongue's tip, her face grew red.
    A. Hope
    女は何か云ひさうに口を開いた。そして口から出さうになつて居る事を考へて眞赤になつた。

31. Old Shag, the dog, stood by, wagging his tail and looking up into Malcom's face as if to say, "Yes, master, I will take good care of. Let him go."
    N. N. R. IV.
    老犬シヤツグは尾を掉りながら、「はい、私が充分氣を附けますから、お遣りなさい」と云はぬばかりにマルカムの顔を見上げて立つて居た。

32. Farm-houses, with roofs like great slouched hats pulled over their eyes, stand on wooden legs, with a tucked up sort of air, as if to say, "We intend to keep dry if we can."
    N. N. R. IV.
    大きな緑の垂れた帽子を目深に被つた樣な屋根の百姓家は「わたし達は出來れば乾いてゐたいのです」と云はぬばかりに裾をかゝげて木の脚で立つて居る。

33. The surgeon gazed, for a moment, on the black veil, as if to ascertain the expression of the features beneath it; its thickness, however, rendered such a result impossible.
    C. Dickens
　　醫師は暫く黑き覆面を凝視して、中なる顔色を探らむとするやうであつたが、ヴールが厚くてさうすることが出來なかつた。

34. "Thankee, Sir, Thankee," returned Sailor Ben, looking as guilty as if he had been detected in picking a pocket.
    T. B. Aldrich
    「有難う、有難う」と船頭ベンは宛ら掏摸でもして居る所を見付けられたほど罪ありげな顔付をして答へた。
　　Thankee は thank thee の一緒になりたるものにして thank you と同意なり。

35. So they set this great queen on her throne, in the presence of the court, with her nose as bright as if it had caught fire.
    P. Parley
    そこで彼等は火のついたやうに眞赤な鼻のこの偉大なる女皇を廷臣の面前で皇位に即けた。

36. She watched for the youth's appearance, and flew to his side with confidence as unreserved as if they had been playmates from early infancy -- as if they were such playmates still.
    N. Hawthorne
    彼の女は若者の來るのを待て居た、而て子供の時からの友達であつたやうな……今もなほさう云ふ友達であるやうな隔ての無い心持でそのそばに走つて行つた。

37. Many of these holes are as round and as cleanly cut as if they had been made with an augur.
    Mark Twain
    此等の穴の多くは宛ら錐で作つたやうに圓く奇麗に抉られてある。

38. There are careless things which are said in general conversation, but which often have as much apparent weight as if they had been well considered.
    普通の談話の際に口頭に上る不用意なる事柄で往々よく考へて云つたほど重大な價値を有するものがある。

39. I am as sure of it as if he had whispered his secrets in my ear, and down in my numb, cold heart a warm little spring of hope began to bubble and run.
    C. Doyle
    私は彼が其秘密を私の耳に囁いたほどもそれを信じて居た、而て私の麻痺した心の下の方に小さい暖かい希望の泉が湧いて流れ出した。

40. "You are afraid?"
    "Do I look as if I was?"
    W. Collins
    「あなたは心配して居る？」
　　「心配して居るやうに見えますか」。

41. "No, mum; but I think he's kind of a foreign gent. But he's very ill and looks as if he was going to die."
    J. E. Muddock
    「いいえ、存じませんが、外國のお方のやうに思ひます、併し大層おわるくて今にも死にさうな樣子です」。

42. Thus, after a while, it seemed as if the liberty of the country was connected with Liberty Tree.
    N. Hawthorne
    斯う云ふ譯で暫くしてからは此國の自由は彼の「自由の木」と關係して居るやうに見えた。

43. It would seem as if the day of general doom was come, and the utensils of the house were dragged forth to judgment.
    F. Hopkinson
    譬へば大審判日の到來して、審判を受けむが爲に家具の引き出されたるが如き觀あり。

44. His face was stolid and immovable, but the smoke came out in streams from under his moustache as if fire was smouldering there.
    彼の顔は無感覺のやうになつて動かなかつた併し髭の下に火がくすぼつて居るやうにてその下から煙は縷の如くに出て來た。

45. All at once a voice which was the more sinister because no one could be seen, and it seemed as if the darkness itself was speaking, shouted, -- "Who goes there?"
    V. Hugo
    突然一つの聲（其聲は誰にも見えず、暗がりが物云ふたやうに見えたからいっそう氣味惡く聞えた）が「其處へ行くのは誰か」と叫んだ。

46. Retribution was at hand, and, with a desparing effort to escape by diving, I bumped my head smartly against the wall, and woke up feeling as if there was an earthquake under the bed.
    N. N. R. IV
    報いが今にも來ようとした、而てくぐつて逃げようと夢中になつて壁にしたたか頭を打ちつけ寢臺の下に地震が有つたやうな氣がし眼が覺めた。

47. You seem to know as much about it as if you were there.
    C. Doyle
    あなたはその事に就いてはその場に居た位よく知つて居るやうに見える。

48. I remember how it happened as well as if it were yesterday.
    私はその事を昨日のやうに善く覺えて居る。

49. But the smile is forced, and Arthur Dynecourt, watching her, reads her heart as easily as it were an open book.
    The Duchess
    併しその笑顔は無理に作った笑顔であつて、アーサーダイコートは其樣子をぢつと見て居たが、宛ら開いた本を讀むやうにたやすく其心を讀んで了つた。

50. The electric telegraph enables us to communicate with friends at the other side of the world, almost as rapidly and as easily as if they were in different parts of the same town.
    電信は吾人をして世界の他方に於ける友人と交通するを得しむること殆ど其友人が同一都會の違つた部分に居ると同樣に迅速且つ容易である。

II

51. I laughed as though I was quite prepared to do that, and thoroughly understood my business.
    D. Donovan
    私は全くさうする積りで有るし、又充分自分の仕事が分て居る樣な風に笑つた。

52. They heeded him not, and again he changed his direction, and, as though he was about to skate into their midst, followed the wolves.
    N. N. R. IV
    彼等（狼）は彼を省みなかつたので、彼は又方向を變へ宛ら狼の眞ん中へ辷り込まうとするやうに其後へ跟いて來た。

53. I sat down, feeling as though I could cry like a woman.
    H. R. Haggard
    私は女の樣に泣きさうになつてそこへ座つた。

54. "I feel as though I were going to die," he answered hoarsely.
    H. R. Haggard
    「私は今にも死にさうだ」と嗄れた聲で彼は答へた。

55. I woke with a feeling as though the blessed rain were falling on my face and head.
    H. R. Haggard
    私は有難い雨が顔と頭に降り掛つて居る樣な心地がしながら目を覺ました。

56. I felt a movement of air above me as though the woman of my vision turned quickly, and once again I opened my eyes.
    幻の女が急に振りむいた樣に空氣の動く氣配を感じながら又目を開いた。

57. He struggled for awhile with himself, as though he were on the point of giving way to anger, but prudence had the best of the controversy.
    R. L. Stevenson
    彼は今にも怒り出しさうに暫くは煩悶して居たが併し用心の方が議論に勝つた。
    on the point of...せんとして。give way(=yield)「屈す」（堪へられずに遂に怒りたり、との意）。had the best of に勝つた。

58. Then he thrice snorted louder than before, and moved up his knee uneasily beneath the clothes as though the sharpness of the mustard were already working on his skins.
    A. Trollope
    其時男は前よりも高く鼾をかいたが、之で三度目で、芥子の強さがはや肌に滲み始めたと見え、夜具の中で苦しさうに膝を動かした。

59. To me this nugget of bright crystal is as loathsome as though it were crawling with the worms of death; it is as shocking as though it were compacted out of innocent blood.
    R. L. Stevenson
　　私に取つては此燦然たる金剛石は宛ら蛆虫が這うて居るやうに嘔吐を催す可きものであり、宛ら罪なき血を固めて造つたものゝやうに戦慄す可きものである。

60. He started back as though he had been stung.
    H. R. Haggard
    彼は蜂に刺された樣に後じさりした。

61. "Look there," he returned, nodding with his head, as though he had been afraid to point.
    R. L. Stevenson
    「あすこを見よ」と指す事を憚る樣に頭を動かして彼は答へた。

62. The blue bells looked as though they had just been gathered.
    C. M. Breame
    ブリユーベルは今取つた計りのやうに見えた。

63. I felt nothing, but, to my sight, it seemed as though it had passed through me.
    H. R. Haggard
    私は何も感じなかつた。然し私の目には槍が自分の體を貫いた樣に見えた。

64. It seemed to her as though she had passed a night among these miseries.
    A. Trollope
    この辛さの中で一夜を明かしたやうに見えた。

65. Stealthily he follows as though fearful of being seen.
    The Duchess
    彼は見られる事を憚るやうに忍びやかに跟いて行く。

66. The Durande had dashed upon the rock as though attacking it.
    V. Hugo
    デュランド號は宛らそれを攻撃する樣に岩に衝き當つた。

67. He bowed his head very slightly, as though acknowledging the compliment and then down she dropped her veil.
    A. Trollope
    良人は會釋するやうに一寸頭を下げた、それから婦人は覆面を下して了つた。

68. Is it some vague shadowy sense of danger that makes him stand now as though hesitating? A quick shiver runs through his veins.
    The Duchess
    彼が今躊躇するやうに立て居るのは何か危險の迫つて居る事がぼうんやり分つて居るからで有らうか。彼は急に總身が寒くなつて來た。

69. Sieur Clubin said in a low voice, as though speaking to himself, -- "That was quickly done."
    V. Hugo
    クルービンは獨語する樣に小聲で言つた「鮮やかな手際だ」。

70. Once again she put her hand out as though to return to the bed.
    A. Trollope
    又もや夫人は寢臺の方へ歸らうとするやうに手を伸べた。

71. Then she waved her hands as though to keep some dreadful thing off, and fell back dead!
    G. R. Sims
    それから女は何か恐ろしい物でも押し掃ふ樣に手を打振り、それから後に倒れて死んで了つた。

72. All this corner of the old tower is wrapped in darkness, as though to obscure the scene of terrible crimes of past centuries.
    The Duchess
    古塔の中でもこの一角は全く闇に裏まれ、宛ら昔の恐ろしい罪惡の犯されし場所を隱さうとするやうである。

73. In two minutes we were wet through up to the thighs, as wet as though we had waded through water.
    H. R. Haggard
    我々は二分の中に膝まで濡れて了つた。宛ら水の中を渡つて來た樣に濡れて了つた。

74. There was no need for caution; the lion was as dead as though he had already been stuffed with straw.
    H. R. Haggard
    用心の必要はなかった、獅子は早や剥製にされて居る樣に死んで居た。

75. She smiled as though charmed with the picture.
    M. Clay
    女は其光景に魅せられたやうにほゝゑんだ。

76. Her hads were white and delicate, as though carved in ivory.
    M. Clay
    女の手は象牙で刻んだやうに白くて奇麗であつた。

77. The clump was in motion, and the lantern swung as though carried by men walking.
    R. L. Stevenson
    その黑い物は動き出した、而して角燈は歩いて居る人が持つて居る樣にゆらゆらと搖れた。

78. The silhouette of the house was outlined against the vague lividness of the sky, as though stamped out with a punch.
    V. Hugo
    家の側面は機械で押した樣に生白い空を背景に現はれて居た。

79. He had been crouching there, and now arouse as though by magic.
    H. R. Haggard
    獅子は前から其處に蹲つて居たが今は魔術の樣に起上つた。

80. The man dropped his head on his breast for a minute as though in thought.
    H. R. Haggard
    その男は考へる樣に一寸胸の上に頭を垂れた。

81. Instantly they stopped their hideous clamour as though at a word of command.
    H. R. Haggard
    忽ち彼等は號令を聞いた樣に其のいやな騒をやめた。