Sunday, March 15, 2020

COLLECTION OF ENGLISH IDIOMS

早稲田大學敎授 深澤裕次郎著
應用英文解釋法
東京英文週報社發行

(p. 92-101)

範例
(a) Stormy as it was, we tried to pitch our tents.
(b) Stormy though it was, we tried to pitch our tents.
  暴風雨で有つたけれども我々は天幕を張らうとした。

解説
(a) Stormy as it was,......
    =Stormy though it was,......
(b) Stormy though it was, ......
(a)|
(b)|=Though it was storymy,......
     暴風雨で有つたけれども……

 この Clause は Complex Sentence の Dependent Clause にして Verb の Complement となるものは (1)Noun (2)Adverb (3)Adjective (4)Past Participle なり、而て Conjunction の "as" は "though" の意に解す可し。例

(1) Physician |as    | he was, he was quite at a
       |though|
    loss what to do.
    彼は醫者であつたがどうして善いか全く分らなかつた。
(2) Carefully |as    | he lifted it, the vase fell
       |though|
    to a thousand pieces.
    注意して取り上げたけれども其器は微塵に破れた。
(3) Late |as    | it was, he stared at once.
     |though|
    時刻は遲く有たが、彼は直に出發した。
(4) Deprived |as    | he was of all his weapons,
       |though|
    he would not give in.
    武器は悉く奪はれたけれども彼は降伏するを欲しなかつた。

〔註一〕(b) は though を初に置き、Though it was stormy,......と云ふ普通の形に改むる事を得れども (a) は之を改めて As (=though) it was stormy,......となす事能はざるはもと Be it as stormy as it was (=Though it was stormy) と云ふ形が略されて (Be it as) stormy as it was となりたるものなるが故なり。若し (a) を改めて As it was stormy,......とする時は as は though の意を示さずして since, because (故に)の意となる。

次の二文を比較す可し。
(a) Stormy as it was, we pitched our tents.
   =Stormy though it was, we pitched our tents.
   =Though it was stormy, we pitched our tents.
    暴風雨であつたけれども天幕を張つた。
(b) Stormy as it was, we could not pitch our tents.
   =As it was stormy, we could not pitch our tents.
   =Since it was stormy, we could not pitch our tents.
  暴風雨であつたから天幕を張る事が出來なかつた。

  Stormy as it was の as の though の意なりや、將た since の意なりやは文意に依りて定むるの外なし。例

  It was too far to go for me, weak and ill as I was.
  C. Doyle
  私には遠くて行けなかつた、弱つて不快であつたから。

 Taken as I was by surprise, I confess that astonishment and terror so far mastered all my faculties that, without daring to cast a second glance towards the apparition, I walked rapidly back into the garden.
  L. R. V.
 私は餘りに不意を食つたので、實のところ、驚きと恐怖の爲に全く度を失ひ、二度とその化物を見ずして急ぎ庭に引き返した。

〔註二〕(1) の場合に於ける Noun には Article を附せず。

用例
I
1.  Child as he was, he was desperate with hunger, and reckless misery.
    C. Dickens
    彼は子供であつたが、空腹の爲に夢中になり、辛苦の爲に前後の辨へもなくなつて居た。
  desperate 必死、夢中。reckless 向う見ず、前後のわきまへなし

2.  "Nay, I only meant that, girl as she is, she is evidently accustomed to what is called 'society.'"
    Mrs. Craik
  いや、僕の云ふのは唯、あの女はまだ娘だけれども、所謂「交際社會」と云ふものには明かに慣れて居るやうだと云ふ丈だ。

3.  Lawyer as he was to the very marrow of his bones, I startled him out of his professional composure.
    W. Collins
    彼は骨髄までも法律家で有つたけれども、私は彼を驚かしその職業柄の沈着を失はしめた。
  to the very marrow of his bones 「骨髄までも」「頭の底までも」。startled him out of 驚かして……を失はせた。

4.  Strong man as he was, his eyes grew dim with tears and his lips trembled with deep-drawn bitter sob.
    M. Clay
    彼は意志の強い男であつたが、兩眼は涙に曇り、唇は深くしやくり上げた苦しいしやくり泣の爲に震へた。

5.  Republican as he was, the young American took off his hat with almost a sentiment of devotion to the retreating carriage.
    R. L. Stevenson
    この若い米人は共和國の人では有つたが、殆ど敬虔の年を以て帽を脱ぎ、立ち去る馬車を見送つた。

6.  Following the line of his outstretched hand, my eyes fell upon a sight that made me jump, old hunter as I was in those days.
    H. R. Haggard
    彼が指す所を辿つて見て、私は驚きの餘り飛び上るほどのものを見た、當時すでに老猟人であつたけれども。
  Following the line of his outstretched hand 伸ばした手の線を辿つて。my eyes fell upon 認めた。

7.  Much as sheep look alike, there is a difference between them, and John knows one from another.
    四二 大阪高工
  羊は殆ど同じやうに見えるが相違が有る、而してジヨンは其の區別を知つてゐる。
  knows one from another 甲と乙との區別が分る。

8. But, dearly as he loved liberty, there was one thing he loved even more,--Regulus loved his native land.
    S. R. III.
    併し彼の自由を愛するは深かつたが、彼がそれよりも深く愛したものが一つあつた、即ち、レギュラスは自分の本國を愛したのである。
  even more 更に多く。

9.  But, little as he said, his whole face beamed with pride and pleasure. It was, in truth, a great step forward.
    Mrs. Craik
    併し彼は多くは語らなかつたが、誇りと嬉しさで滿面輝き渡つた。それは實に一大進歩であつたのだ。
  whole face 顔ぢゆう。in truth 實に

10. Little as I had seen of him by the shifting light of the lantern on the links, I had no difficulty in recognizing him for the same.
    R. L. Stevenson
    私は砂丘の上を通つて行く角燈のちらちらする光で僅かに彼を見たのであつたが、容易に同じ人だと見分ける事が出來た。
    links **(二字不明)の海岸に在る砂丘。for the same 同じ人として。

11. No doubt, much as worthy friends add to the happiness and value of life, we must in the main depend on ourselves, and every one is his own best friend or worst enemy.
    三七 *(一字不明)電
  云ふまでもなく良友は人生の幸福と價値とを大に增すものではあるが、我々は多くは自分に頼ねばならぬ、それで人みな自分の最も善い友ともなり、また最も惡い敵ともなるのである。
  add to (=increase) 增す(「減ず」は take from なり)。in the main 主として、おもに。depend on たよる。

12. There was something so honest and earnest in the tone of the boy, that, much as Harmon had felt disposed, at first, to sport with his ignorance, he could not refrain from giving him a true answer.
    S. U. R. IV.
    其子の語氣が如何にも正直で熱心であつたのでハーマンリーは餘程相手の無智をからかつてやらうと思つたのではあるが本當の答を輿へずには居られなかつた。
  felt disposed 心持になる。sport with からかふ、弄ぶ。refrain from......せずに居る。

13. There is nothing in any of the northern countries with which to compare the richness of tropical growth; and lovely as are the tints in a broad American landscape, they are as nothing in point of splendour to those of tropical scene.
    四四 東京高師
  北方の國に於ては如何なる所にも熱帯植物の盛なる繁茂に比す可きものは何もない。茫漠たる米國山野の色彩は如何にも美であるが、壮大と云ふ點に於ては熱帯地方の色彩に比べては全で話にならない。
  as nothing 比較にならぬものゝやう。云ふに足らぬやう。

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14. Young as he was he was not unequal to the task.
    三七 専門
  彼は若かつたがその仕事に堪えないものではなかつた。

15. Yet, silent as he was, I knew perfectly well what it was over which he was brooding.
    C. Doyle
   然し彼はだまつては居たが、彼が考へて居るのは何であるかそれを私はよく知つてゐた。

16. Old as he was, Marlborough's designs had drom the first all the dash and boldness of youth.
    四○ 農大實科
  老いたりと雖マールボローの計畫は初より年少の勇氣と剛膽を具へて居た。

17. Weak as he was, he slowly and painfully worked his way to the edge of the bed-end and to his feet.
    Munsey Magazine
    彼は衰弱しては居たが静に苦しげに寢臺の端にゐざつて行つて下に居りた。
  worked his way にぢりよつて行つた。(worked) to his feet 立ち上つた。

18. But these honest patriots, poor as they were, were above selling their country at any price.
    G. P. Quackenbos
    併し此等の正直な愛國者は貧しくは有つたけれども、金で國家を賣るやうな人間ではなかつた。

19. Incredible as it may seem, the spirit cheerfully answered Yes to that astounding proposition.
     Mark Twain
     信ぜられないやうに見ゆるが亡靈は其驚く可き問題に對して快活に「然り」と答へた。

20. Strange as it may seem, window glass is luxury of which the country people of Japan know little.
    三二 一高
  不思議に見えるけれども窓硝子は日本の田舎の人の殆ど知らない贅澤品である。

21. Curious then as the conclusion may be, the cold ice of the Alps has its origin in the heat of the sun.
    三二 海兵
  して見ると結論は奇體に見えるがアルプス山の冷たい水は太陽の熱に基因するのである。

22. Quite diligent as he appears to be, your brother has made little progress since he entered the school.
    三四 外語
  貴下の兄弟は本當に勉強家のやうに見えるけれども、入學してから餘り進歩しない。

23. Cold and dreary as it is in Manchuria, our soldiers are quite at home, and equal to any task whatever.
    三八 山口高商
  quite at home (=at ease) 全く安心して。全く平氣で。
    滿州は寒くて淋しいが我が兵は全く平氣で如何なる仕事にも堪へる。

24. Short as was the time he had known her, Dora had, in some mysterious way, grown to be a part of himself.
    C. M. Braeme
    彼がドラを知つた時日は短く有つたけれどもドラは何か或る不思議な方法で彼の一部で有る樣になつて了つた。

25. Late as it was, I flew to New York and got a policeman to conduct me to the headquarters of the detective force.
    Mark Twain
    遲くは有つたが自分は紐育へ急行し巡査に賴んで探偵本部へ連れて行つて貰つた。

26. Easy as it might be to inaugrate a system of small economies, there are lots of women who refrain from taking the preliminary step.
    New York Herald
    小さい經濟の方法を立つるは容易かも似れぬが世間にはその必要な豫備的方法をとらない女が澤山ある。

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27. I found it a little difficult to keep pace with my guides, burdened as they were.
    三一 一高
  案内者は荷物を持て居たのであるが、それでも彼等に後れないやうにするのは少々困難であつた。
  to keep pace (=to keep up; not to fall behind)「に後れぬやうにする」keep の代りに hold を用ふるも同じ。

28. Deprived as he was of the fluency of speech, we did not feel his kindness the less.
    三五 高校
  彼は言語の流暢を奪はれしと雖、我々は彼の親切を感ずる事は減ぜざりき。

29. Accustomed as he was to the rubs of his profession, Berthelini was unpleasantly affected by the landlord's manner.
  R. L. Stevenson
    ベルセリニは其職業のいやな事柄には慣れて居たのではあるが、主の樣子を見て不快に感じた。

30. Deprived as he was of all external attractiveness, he showed himself full of kindness to all who came to him, and, though he never would put himself forward, he had a welcome for every one.
    Souvestre
    彼は外形の美しくないが、近づいて來る者には皆々親切を盡し、自分からは出ては行かなかつたが、訪れて來る人をばみな歡迎した。
  external attractiveness 「外部の美」とは容貌の美を云ふ。showed himself = showed that he was. full of kindness (=all kindness=very kind) 非常に親切。

31. "Thou knowest" said Hester--for, depressed as she was, she could not endure this last quiet stab at the token of her shame--"thou knowest that I was frank with thee. I felt no love, nor feigned any."
    N. Hawthorne
    「あなたは御存じでせう」ヘスターが斯う問ひ掛けたのは打ちしほれては居たが、耻辱の印(緋文字)に向つて柔かに一と突き突き込まれたのを堪へ忍び得なかつたからで、「あなたは御存じでせう、私があなたに對して正直に申しましたのを。私はあなたに對して少しも愛を感じなかつたのです、また、愛を持て居る樣子もしませんでしたのを」。
  this last quiet stab at the tokenof her shame 「貴樣にこの事が有らうと先見す可きであつたに、それに氣がつかなかつたのは不覺であつた」と柔かに、而も、鋭く己の急所を突かれたるを云ふ、token of her shame とはこの Hester と云ふ女が破廉耻罪を犯しゝし印として胸に*(一字不明)ひ着け居る A と云ふ字の Scarlet letter (緋文字)を云ふ。feigned の any は any love なり。

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32. Child though she was, she was more than a match for him.
    彼女は子供であつたが、彼の敵ではなかつた。
  more than a match for him 彼には匹敵異常、彼には迚もかなはぬ。

33. Marius, dreamer though he was, possessed a firm and energetic nature.
    V. Hugo
    マリヤスは空想家ではあつたが、確乎たる剛健なる性質を持て居た。

34. Man of learning though he was, Loui XVIII, nevertheless, loved a little joke.
    A. Dumas
    ルイ十八世は學者では有つたが、それでも少々冗談を好んだ。

35. Felons, though they were, I could never refuse the charity they invariably prayed for.
    H. Conway
    彼等は罪人では有つたが、私は彼等が始終嘆願する慈悲をば拒む事は出來なかつた。

36. It was not easy to astonish Javert, still, master though he was of himself, he could not supress his emotion.
    V. Hugo
    ヂヤヴールを驚かすのは容易ではなかつた。併し(縄目を解かれて)自分の體は早や自分のものになつたに拘らず、彼はその驚を禁じ得なかつた。
  master though he was of himsself (Javert は自分を殺すと思つた Jean Valjean に思ひ掛けなくも縄目を解かれて)自分の體は自分のものになつたけれども

37. And, man of peace though he was, I was very sure I saw in the other--what always lay near his strong box, at his bed's head at night.
    Mrs. Craik
    父は平和の人では有つたが私は彼が他の方の手に一夜分いつも枕元の金庫の側に置いてあつたもの(短銃)を握つて居るのを見たと信ずる。
  in the other の次に hand を補ひ見よ。what etc. は短銃なり。Strong box 小さい金庫。

38. Englishman though he was, he filled his Oriental tower with masterpiece from Italy and Holland, only to add form and color to the luxuries of his reverie, behind his gilded lattices.
    P. G. Hamerton
  彼は英國人で有つたけれども、伊太利や和蘭から得來つた名畫を以てその東洋的の塔を充たして居た。併し之は其の金の格子の中で耽つて居る空想に形状と色彩を輿へんが爲であつた。

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39. Tenderly though she laid it, the baby soon opened its eyes.
    彼女はそつとねかしたが赤兒は直ぐに眼を開いた。

40. Old though she was, her strength was truly marvellous.
    彼女は老人であつたが、その力は眞に非凡であつた。

41. Weak though she was, she struggled to a sitting position.
    彼女は弱つては居たが、やつと起き直つた。

42. Bare and plain though the room was, it had that nobility which comes from ancient usage.
    Ouida
    其室は飾もなく質素であつたが、古く使用されたと云ふことから生ずる尊さをもつて居た。

43. At the motion of his hand the four rioters resumed their seats; the more readily, because their violent exertions had wearied them, youthful though they were.
    N. Hawthorne
    彼が手を振ると踊つて居た四人の者は坐に着いた。彼等は若くあつたけれども、其劇しい運動の爲に疲れたから、直ぐに坐に着いたのであつた。
  resumed 再び着いた。the more readily それが爲に一層たやすく(席に着いた)。

44. Thus paradoxical though it may seem, pain is one of the conditions of the physical wellbeing of man; as death, according to Dr. Thomas Brown, is one of the conditions of life.
    S. Smiles
    故に矛盾して居る樣に見えるけれども苦痛と云ふものは人間の肉體的幸福の條件の一つである。博士トーマス、ブラウンの説に從へば、死と云ふものは生の條件の一つで有るが如く。

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45. Startled though he was, he did not lose his balance.
    彼はびつくりはしたが體の平均は失はなかつた。

46. Inexperienced though he was, he had still a strong sense of the danger of Sibyl's position.
    O. Wilde
    彼は無經驗ではあつたが、それでも猶ほシビルの境遇の危險なのを強く感じて居た。

47. I know him, changed though he was; but he did not know me in the least, as, indeed, was not likely.
    Mrs. Craik
    彼は變つては居たが私には分つた。併し私を少しも覺えて居なかつたが、それは如何にも尤であつた。
  knew は knew again と同じく、recognized(それと見知つた、誰と云ふ事が分つた)の意。in the least 少しも。as was not likely 分ると云ふ事は有りさうもなかつたが。

英語読解のヒント(145)

145. 付帯状況の with 基本表現と解説 He was sitting, book in hand, at an open window. 「彼は本を手にして開いた窓際に座っていた」 book in hand は with a book in his hand の...