早稲田大學敎授 深澤裕次郎著
應用英文解釋法
東京英文週報社發行
(p. 119-123)
範例
I
(a) Scarcely (hardly) have you passed through the gate before (when) you can hear some sweet music from within.
(b) You have scarcely (hardly) passed through the gate before (when) you can hear some sweet music from within.
門を入るか入らぬに中から妙なる音樂が聞える。
II
(a) Scarcely (hardly) had I crossed the bridge before (when) it fell down.
(b) I had scarcely (hardly) crossed the bridge before (when) it fell down.
橋渡つたか渡らぬにそれが落ちた。
解説
Scarce(ly)| |before (ere)
Hardly |…………|when
……する(した)前に辛うじて……する(した)
……する(した)時に辛うじて……する(した)
=……する(した)かせぬに……する(した)
此構文に於ては、I の如く後の Clause の Verb が Present 又は Future なる時は前の Clause の Verb は Present Perfect となり。II の如く後の Clause の Verb が Past なる時は前の Clause の Verb は Past Perfect となる。
また (a) の如く Subject と Verb と轉倒せる時は、(b) の普通の形よりも語勢強し。
用例
1. Scarcely were the words out of my mouth when I heard a stealthy footstep approaching.
H. H. Haggard
其言が私の口から出たか出ないに忍びやかな跫音が近寄つて來るのが聞えた。
2. They took scarcely any notice when the twelve figures in female attire entered the room.
Parley
彼等が殆ど氣が附かぬうちに女の姿をした十二人の人が其部屋に入つて來た。
3. Scarcely had I got round when I heard the reeds parting before the onward rush of some animal.
H. R. Haggard
私が廻つたか廻らぬに何か獸が蘆を分けて進んで來るのを聞いた。
4. Scarcely had the soldier mounted, when a shot from the adjoining heights struck and killed him.
三三一高
其兵士が馬に乗るや否や附近の高地より一彈飛來して彼を殺せり。
5. But scarcely had they received their rations, ere the well-known hurrah of Platoff rang once more in their ears.
J. G. Lockhart
併し彼等が食物に有りつくや否や、彼の忘れもしないプラトウのウラーの聲が又もや彼等の耳朶に響いた。
6. Scarcely had the carpenter gathered up his things and limped off, when a man smoking came hurrying along.
J. M. Bailey
大工が道具を拾ひ、跛を引き乍ら行つて了ふと、一人の男が煙草を吹かし乍ら、急ぎ足でやつて來た。
7. But scarcely had his army landed in Asia, when sultan Solyman attacked them, and made a terrible slaughter.
Parley
併し彼の軍隊が亞細亞に上陸するや否やソリマンは彼を邀撃して非常に人を殺した。
8. Scarcely have you passed your door-step of your friend's house, when you can detect whether tastes presides within it or not.
S. Smiles
譬へば友人の家に行つた時など其閾を跨げば直ぐに其中に趣味が存するかどうかが分る。
9. But scarcely had the charge of Pack proved successful, ere the French were again compelled by shells and cannon to evacuate this prize.
J. G. Lockhart
併し乍らパツクの突撃が成功するかせないに、佛軍はまた敵の砲彈の爲に、折角占領した家を撤退せねばならなかつた。
10. I had scarcely got round the hill when I perceived the giraffe surrounded by the dogs, and endeavouring to drive them away by heavy kickes.
四三 高商
小丘を廻つたから廻らぬに、私はジラフが犬に圍まれ、烈しく蹴つて之を追ひ拂はうとして居るのを見た。
11. Mrs. Reed hurried into the room, and had scarcely passed the threshold, when the tile fell to the hearth and broke into a dozen pieces.
N. N. R. IV.
リード夫人は急いで其部屋に入つたが敷居を跨ぐか跨がぬに瓦は圍爐裏に落ちて微塵に破れた。
12. He had scarcely formed his conclusion when he saw in the water a white object, which he knew was the boy's dress and then he plunged into the wild and roaring rapids.
U. R. IV.
彼が斯う決心するや否や、水中に白い物を認めたが、之は子供の着物と知つて居たから彼は逆捲く急流へざんぶと計り飛び込んだ。
13. Scarcely were the words out of his mouth before we heard a sort of whine over the other side of the pool, which was instantly answered by a loud coughing roar close to us.
H. R. Haggard
其言が口から出たか出ないに水溜りの向うの方で泣くやうな聲がした。すると我々の直ぐ側に大きな咳のやうな哮聲が起つて、件の泣聲に答へた。
a sort of whine 泣くやうな聲。the other side 向側。
14. Little time was left to me for consideration, as the next moment a smart breeze began to agitate the taller trees. Two minutes has scarcely elapsed, when the whole forest before me was in fearful motion.
N. N. R. V.
考へる暇も有らばこそ忽ち烈風吹き起つて高い木を動かしはじめ、二分と經たぬ間に私の前面の森は見渡す限り恐ろしく動き出した。
Little time was left to me for consideration「考へる時間は殆ど私に殘されなかつた」「考へる時間は殆ど無かつた」假に left to me を there に改め見よ。as 故に。in fearful motion 恐ろしく動いて。
15. From this motive, I had scarce taken orders a year before I began to think seriously of matrimony, and chose my wife, as she did her wedding-gown, not for a fine glossy surface, but for such qualities as would wear well.
O. Goldsmith
私はこの考からして牧師になつて一年經つか經たぬに眞面目に結婚の事を考へ、今の妻を撰定したのだが、其撰び方は妻が結婚の晴着を撰んだと同じで、表面(うはべ)の美しく光るのよりは地質のよく持つのを撰んだのである。
taken orders 聖(僧)職に就く、牧師になる。did (=chose) 撰んだ。not......but なくして。wear もつ。